A cough is sudden and often repetitively occurring reflex which helps to clear the large breathing passages from secretions, irritants, foreign particles and microbes. Cough is the most frequent of all respiratory infections.

The two general classification of cough are productive cough (producing phlegm or mucous from lungs) and non productive cough (dry and not producing any mucous or phlegm).

Coughs can be either acute or chronic. Acute cough begins suddenly and usually last for no more than 2-3 weeks. Acute cough often accompanies a cold or flu.

Chronic cough: Chronic cough is a cough that persists. Chronic cough is not a disease in itself; rather it is a symptom of an underlying condition. Chronic cough lasts longer than 2-3 weeks

Causes: Of chronic cough include

• Asthma
• Allergies
• C O P D (Chronic obstructive Pulmonary disease)
• G E R D (Gastro esophageal Reflux)
• Smoking
• Throat disorders, such as croup in young children
• Viral infections.
• Passive smoking

Prevention: The most important aspect of prevention is to stop smoking and avoid secondhand smoke, particularly for people with asthma, chronic lung disease, and environmental allergies. For people with GERD, prevention is aimed at diet modification, sleeping with the head of the bed elevated, and taking all medications as prescribed.